The electrical and fossil fuel energy consumption of the world has increased relentlessly over the past few decades. The implementation of the energy conservation and management system is deemed crucial for the sustainable development of the modern human world. Energy conversion measures involve different sustainable alternatives to fuels such as the use of solar energy and biodiesel. In the construction sector, thermal insulation and building envelopes serve as important tools for energy conservation. Similarly, holistic frameworks are applied in smart homes, and the concept is further enhanced in smart cities. In telecommunication centers, mobile measurement technology has been introduced for the conservation of energy and space. These and several other energy-conserving measures have already been applied in several sectors, and energy management and conservation policies have also been introduced in several countries over the past decade; however, the current measures are not enough. It is necessary to develop more energy-efficient systems and favorable policies in varying sectors. This chapter presents a comprehensive review of the current prominence of energy consumption in particular areas such as building, agriculture, and industry, and various energy conservation possibilities for the fields.
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